Therapy for Depression: What are the different types and How does it work?

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Apr 9, 2022

✨POV✨: Ever wondered if there is a one-size fits all kinda therapy?

Therapy is one of the most common and conventional forms of treating depression. I'm sure we've come across this term somewhere or the other. We are surrounded by counselors, therapists, or psychologists in our schools, colleges, and outside of work.

As the name reads, therapy is a therapeutic process with lasting soothing effects. And no mystery there, depression - which is like a dark cloud looming above our head - needs a supportive, compassionate and calm voice to help us step out of the shadows and bask in our light.

Basics first - what is therapy? 🩹

Therapy is essentially a guided and intentional conversation between two people - a licensed mental health professional and a client with mental health concerns. This conversation is also called talk therapy.

Other forms of therapy can be combined with talk therapy to help the client further explore their mind and identity. These different forms of therapy include art therapy, music therapy, dance therapy, and massage therapy, among many more.

Talk therapy is conducted in a closed space where everything said and done is kept confidential. This is done to create a safe space for the client where they can open up free of judgment, scrutiny, and prying eyes. Each session lasts between 45 and 60 minutes and is conducted every week. Based on the type of therapy, the client’s needs, and progress, the number of sessions can range from 6 to 20.

The therapist can also prescribe homework (journaling or practicing learnings) to boost the quality of takeaways from each session. Therapy does not begin and end in the session, the real therapy begins once the client steps out of the safe space into the real world, where the onus is on them to practice what they have learned in the session.

Antidepressant medications are not mandatory for therapy to have benefits but may become necessary if the intensity of mental illness requires additional help to heal.

Types of therapy 💐

There's something for everyone. Therapy can be of many different types based on preferences and needs:

1️⃣ Cognitive Therapy (CT)

This type of therapy focuses on building positive thought processes. It is based on the belief that our thoughts affect how we feel and act. Negative thinking is eliminated by replacing it with kinder and more optimistic thoughts.

2️⃣ Behavioral Therapy (BT)

This type of therapy focuses on building constructive actions and behavioral patterns. It is based on the belief that only our behavior can be truly understood and changed (because the mind can neither be seen nor shown to another person). The experience of positive and constructive actions will naturally alter our thoughts and emotions to help us develop.

3️⃣ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

This type of therapy is a combination of the two above. It is based on the belief that our thoughts, emotions, and behavior - all - are connected and need to be worked on to resolve mental health issues. This therapy focuses on understanding our current patterns and reforming them to align with our goals and values.

4️⃣ Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

This type of therapy is a subset of CBT. It focuses more on helping clients come to terms with their thoughts, desires, and emotions. DBT helps build a sense of secure individuality, and it especially helps people who feel unsafe with their thoughts and feelings.

5️⃣ Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

This type of therapy focuses on resolving mental health issues by forming healthy relationships and interactions. It is based on the belief that having healthy, nurturing, and supportive relationships in one’s life can mitigate the effects of mental health issues.

6️⃣ Problem Solving Therapy (PST)

This type of therapy focuses on solving one problem at a time. It is based on the belief that our mental health issues manifest as issues or problem areas in our lives, and when we resolve an external problem, there is internal solace and healing.

Each of these is generally conducted as private sessions (only between the client and mental health professional). Still, at times, it may also be conducted in groups to help facilitate group learning.

How does therapy help depression? 💁🏽

Now that we know the major and commonly practiced types of therapy, our next step is to understand how it helps heal and treat depression.

The first step of this assessment is to understand what the depressive symptoms are. Knowing what we are struggling with can make choosing the right type of therapy easier for us.

🌷 If negative thinking, feeling anxious, hopeless, irritable, and other negative feelings hamper your daily life, the answer is Cognitive Therapy.

🌷 And if your negative thought processes push you to indulge in risk-taking behavior (such as substance abuse, making risky decisions, or self-harm), Dialectical Behavior Therapy is the perfect approach because it will help you feel safe with yourself and build constructive coping mechanisms.

🌷 If you struggle with weight fluctuations, irregular sleep patterns, loss of interest, social withdrawal, and having trouble concentrating, the answer is Behavioral Therapy.

🌷 But in case you experience both emotional and physical problems, the best bet is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

🌷 If social interactions trigger depression for you, Interpersonal Therapy is the go-to. A fun fact about IPT? The World Health Organization has recommended IPT in the group setting as the first-line treatment (the first and most effective form of treatment) for depression.

🌷 If there are specific problem areas in your life you are struggling with - being triggered by a particular person or dealing with a breakup, or the shame of making a particular mistake - Problem Solving Therapy can solve all your problems.

🌷 And if the intensity of your depression symptoms is high, the therapist might recommend antidepressant medications alongside therapy sessions.

So the bottom line is that - all the mentioned types of therapy treat depression.

The answer to our first question is that - there is no one-size-fits-all treatment or therapy approach to depression.

It’s figuring out where we are struggling and finding the therapy type that is most focused on resolving such issues.

Please Note 🚩

Severe Depression (aka Clinical Depression) is a mental illness that can be of two different types - mild depression and major depression (aka Major Depressive Disorder). Common depression symptoms include prolonged depressed mood, low self-esteem, mood swings, loss of interest, and having trouble focusing. Other physical symptoms include sleep problems, weight gain, excessive sleeping, or difficulty concentrating.

Depression is also often accompanied by a mood disorder or other mental disorders such as Seasonal Affective Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. If you have such symptoms of depression or thoughts of self-harm, please use the national suicide prevention lifeline or contact a mental health professional to seek treatment options.